Born near Grodno in 1925. She took part in the Battle of Grodno in September 1939. Deported to Siberia, Irkutsk area. The entire family worked as slave workers in a forest. After the amnesty fled to Uzbekistan where a Polish Army was forming. She lost her parents and sister, who perished due to illness and exhaustion. Left the USRR with the Polish Army to live as a refugee in Persia (Iran) and later Lebanon. Settled in the UK in 1950.